Inteligência organizacional

Resumo: Apresenta a Inteligência Organizacional (IO) como disciplina para o desenvolvimento e fortalecimento de empresas em mercados cada vez mais competitivos. Encontrada na literatura sob duas perspectivas - processo e produto -, neste estudo a IO foi abordada sob a perspectiva de processo, apresentada por Matsuda (1992; 1993) e Choo (1998), de forma que ambos os autores apresentam um grupo de atividades que se desenvolvidas conjuntamente pode contribuir para o alcance da IO nas empresas. Objetiva investigar a utilização dos conceitos de Inteligência Organizacional por organizações hospitalares da cidade de Curitiba, PR., consideradas referência em sua área de atuação. Aplicou-se uma pesquisa exploratória em duas Instituições de Saúde na cidade de Curitiba, PR., buscando introduzir o tema em um contexto contemporâneo, além de oferecer maior clareza em relação aos seus conceitos. A coleta de dados foi dividida em três momentos distintos, sendo estes entrevistas semi-estruturadas realizadas com personagenschave nas organizações em estudo, observações diretas nos momentos das visitas e coleta de dados nas homepages e em documentos internos disponibilizados pelas instituições participantes. Os resultados alcançados apontaram que as organizações hospitalares participantes desenvolvem ações de IO em suas agendas, porém sem uma programação integrada dessas atividades. Desta forma, com base nos resultados obtidos pela pesquisa de campo, foi possível identificar as principais ações de IO desenvolvidas dentro dessas organizações. Ao final dos trabalhos, foi possível perceber que a Inteligência Organizacional é uma disciplina integradora, que proporciona uma reunião de saberes das áreas de administração e gestão da informação, atuando como elo entre outras atividades e disciplinas já consagradas, além de sagrar-se como uma das novas tendências em gestão de empresas. Acredita-se que o desenvolvimento de tais ações de maneira conjunta e integrada pode proporcionar às empresas um maior potencial de alcance da IO, e consequentemente da sobrevivência empresarial em mercados cada vez mais competitivos e complexos. Por fim, com base em dados da pesquisa, foi possível construir uma estrutura de referência de Inteligência Organizacional para as Instituições de Saúde, contando com ações e principais elementos organizacionais que podem influenciar neste processo

Association between pesticide exposure and suicide rates in Brazil

AbstractIntroductionThe association between pesticide use and an increased suicide risk is a controversial issue. Previous studies have shown higher rates of suicide among agricultural workers and people living in small municipalities, but have not identified the causes of these results.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between pesticide exposure and suicide rates.MethodsCrude suicide rates of a 15-year time series (1996–2010) were examined, followed by an ecological study using age-standardized suicide rates for the period 2006–2010. The unit of analysis was all 558 Brazilian micro-regions. Pesticide exposure was evaluated according to the proportion of farms that used pesticides and had reported cases of pesticide poisonings. The statistics were analysed using Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression adjusted for socioeconomic, demographic and cultural factors.ResultsAmong the age group that was analysed, the mean suicide rate was 6.4 cases/100,000 per year in the 2006–2010 period, with a male/female ratio of 4.2. The times series showed that there were higher suicide rates among people aged 35–64 years and among men aged 15–34 years. The ecological analysis showed that the suicide rates were higher in micro-regions with a higher proportion of farms run by 35–64 year olds, female workers and on farms with better economic indicators (higher farming income, level of mechanization and farm area). There was a positive association between the Catholic religion and suicide rates. Micro-regions with a greater use of pesticides, and with a high proportion of pesticide poisoning had the highest suicide rates for all three groups analysed: both genders, men, and women (p ranging from 0.01 to p<0.001).ConclusionThis study reinforces the hypothesis that pesticide use and pesticide poisoning increase the suicide rates. However, due to the limitations of the study's ecological design, such as ecological fallacy, further appropriately designed studies are needed to confirm the causal relationships

Prevalência de dor lombar crônica: revisão sistemática

OBJECTIVE To estimate worldwide prevalence of chronic low back pain according to age and sex. METHODS We consulted Medline (PubMed), LILACS and EMBASE electronic databases. The search strategy used the following descriptors and combinations: back pain, prevalence, musculoskeletal diseases, chronic musculoskeletal pain, rheumatic, low back pain, musculoskeletal disorders and chronic low back pain. We selected cross-sectional population-based or cohort studies that assessed chronic low back pain as an outcome. We also assessed the quality of the selected studies as well as the chronic low back pain prevalence according to age and sex. RESULTS The review included 28 studies. Based on our qualitative evaluation, around one third of the studies had low scores, mainly due to high non-response rates. Chronic low back pain prevalence was 4.2% in individuals aged between 24 and 39 years old and 19.6% in those aged between 20 and 59. Of nine studies with individuals aged 18 and above, six reported chronic low back pain between 3.9% and 10.2% and three, prevalence between 13.1% and 20.3%. In the Brazilian older population, chronic low back pain prevalence was 25.4%. CONCLUSIONS Chronic low back pain prevalence increases linearly from the third decade of life on, until the 60 years of age, being more prevalent in women. Methodological approaches aiming to reduce high heterogeneity in case definitions of chronic low back pain are essential to consistency and comparative analysis between studies. A standard chronic low back pain definition should include the precise description of the anatomical area, pain duration and limitation level.OBJETIVO Estimar a prevalência mundial de dor lombar crônica, segundo idade e sexo. MÉTODOS Foram consultadas as bases de dados eletrônicas Medline (PubMed), Lilacs e Embase. A estratégia de busca utilizou os seguintes descritores:back pain, prevalence,musculoskeletal diseases,chronic musculoskeletal pain,rheumatic,low back pain,musculoskeletal disorders e chronic low back pain . Foram selecionados os estudos de base populacional de delineamento transversal ou coortes que avaliaram dor lombar crônica como desfecho. A qualidade dos estudos selecionados foi avaliada, assim como a prevalência de dor lombar crônica, segundo idade e sexo. RESULTADOS Foram incluídos 28 estudos nesta revisão. De acordo com a avaliação qualitativa, cerca de um terço dos estudos tiveram pontuação baixa, principalmente em decorrência das altas taxas de não respondentes. A prevalência de dor lombar crônica foi de 4,2% em indivíduos com idade entre 24 e 39 anos e 19,6% entre aqueles de 20 a 59 anos. Dentre nove estudos com indivíduos com 18 anos ou mais, em seis a prevalência de dor lombar crônica variou entre 3,9% a 10,2%, e nos outros três estudos a prevalência foi entre 13,1% e 20,3%. Entre idosos brasileiros, a prevalência de dor lombar crônica foi de 25,4%. CONCLUSÕES A prevalência de dor lombar crônica aumenta linearmente a partir da terceira década de vida até os 60 anos de idade, sendo mais prevalente nas mulheres. Questões metodológicas visando a reduzir a alta heterogeneidade nas definições de casos nos estudos sobre dor lombar crônica são fundamentais para permitir análises comparativas e de consistência entre diferentes estudos. A definição de dor lombar crônica deve incluir a descrição precisa da área anatômica, período de duração da dor e nível de limitação

Efecto del consumo de jugos en polvo, néctar y concentrado de pulpa, en un modelo experimental de caries, in vitro

41 p.Objetivo: Si bien se ha estudiado el efecto que produce el consumo de jugos azucarados sobre las superficies dentarias, se desconoce los cambios fisiológicos que estos producen en el medio y en el biofilm oral. El propósito de este estudio in vitro es evaluar los cambios que producen estos jugos sobre el biofilm y las superficies dentarias en un modelo de caries con biofilms de Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). Métodos: Se formaron biofilms de S. mutans UA159 sobre bloques de esmalte y dentina bovinos, por 5 días y 4 días respectivamente. Los bloques con biofilm fueron expuestos preparaciones de jugo en polvo (Zuko Naranja®), néctar (Néctar Watt’s® Naranja) y concentrado de pulpa (Néctar Concentrado de Pulpa Watt’s® Naranja), y sus versiones light (Zuko Naranja Light®, Néctar Watt’s® Naranja Light y Néctar Concentrado de Pulpa Watt’s® Naranja Light). Se utilizó NaCl al 0,9% como control negativo y sacarosa al 10% como control positivo de caries. Fueron expuestos a los tratamientos 3 veces al día, por 5 minutos. Se midió el pH de los cultivos 2 veces al día para determinar la acidogenicidad del biofilm. Al finalizar el periodo de exposición, el biofilm fue removido de los bloques para determinar biomasa, producción de proteínas y polisacáridos. La desmineralización se estimó midiendo la dureza superficial al inicio y al final del experimento para establecer el porcentaje de pérdida de dureza superficial (%PDS). Resultados: los jugos néctar y pulpa presentaron similares resultados que la sacarosa en cuando a acidogenicidad del biofilm, producción de proteínas y polisacárido extracelulares solubles, mayor en comparación al resto de los tratamientos (p < 0,005). El %PDS fue mayor en los jugos con azúcar (p < 0,0001). Conclusión: Los jugos presentan un potencial cariogénico similar al de una solución de sacarosa al 10%. Debido a que los cambios que estos producen en el medio, en el biofilm y en el sustrato dentario son semejantes.Financiado: Proyecto Fondecyt 1140623/ABSTRACT:Objective: Although we have studied the effect produced by the consumption of sugary juices on tooth surfaces, physiological changes they produce in the middle and in the oral biofilm is unknown. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the changes that produce these juices on the biofilm and the tooth surfaces in a model of caries biofilms of S. mutans. Methods: biofilms of S. mutans UA159 on blocks of bovine enamel and dentin are formed, for 5 days and 4 days respectively. Blocks with biofilm were exposed preparations juice powder (Zuko Naranja®), Nectar (Néctar Watt's® Naranja) and concentrated pulp (Néctar Concentrado de Pulpa Watt’s® Naranja), and light versions (Zuko Naranja Light®, Néctar Watt’s® Naranja Light y Néctar Concentrado de Pulpa Watt’s® Naranja Light). NaCl 0.9% is used as a negative control and 10% sucrose as a positive control of caries. Were exposed to treatment 3 times a day, for 5 minutes. The pH of the cultures was measured two times a day to determine biofilm acidogenicity. At the end of the exposure period, the biofilm was removed from the blocks to determine biomass production of proteins and polysaccharides. Demineralization was estimated by measuring the surface hardness at the beginning and end of the experiment to establish the percentage of surface hardness loss (% SHL). Results: the nectar and juice pulp showed similar results as sucrose in when acidogenicity biofilm production of proteins and soluble polysaccharide, higher compared to other treatments (p <0.005) extracellular. The% PDS was higher in juices with sugar (p <0.0001). Conclusion: The juices have a cariogenic potential similar to that of a solution of 10% sucrose. Because they produce changes in the medium, the biofilm and in the dental substrate are similar. Financiado: Proyecto Fondecyt 114062

Os projetos educativos das Ruínas Engenho São Jorge dos Erasmos: discussões preliminares sobre o patrimônio

The National Monument Ruins Mill São Jorge dos Erasmos, located in Santos County - São Paulo State, constitutes one of the oldest Brazilian sixteenth century architectural testimonies that still exist. One of the first sugar engines to be built, the Engenho dos Erasmos has been stage of important studies in several areas, what stimulated the opening of this cultural asset to the public, mainly for the students of fundamental education of the state and municipal public schools of the Baixada Santista. It is intended in this brief paper to discuss some guide elements of this pedagogical proposal that completed four years in past August, whose discussion is emphasized in three basic points: a) the process of construction and democratization of knowledge, from a interdiscipline proposal, b) the investigation and dialogue mechanisms that are results of questions formulated by the community, and c) the participatory management for the proximity relations of the visitors with their own past.O Monumento Nacional Ruínas Engenho São Jorge dos Erasmos, constitui um dos mais antigos testemunhos arquitetônicos quinhentistas brasileiros ainda existentes. Um dos primeiros engenhos de açúcar a ser construído, o Engenho dos Erasmos tem sido palco de relevantes estudos em diversas áreas do saber, o que incentivou a abertura do bem cultural ao público, sobretudo aos alunos de ensino fundamental das escolas públicas estaduais e municipais da Baixada Santista. Pretende- se, neste breve artigo, discutir alguns elementos norteadores desta proposta pedagógica que completou cinco anos de funcionamento em agosto de 2009, focando a discussão em três pontos básicos: a) o processo de construção e democratização de saberes, a partir de uma proposta interdisciplinar; b) os mecanismos de investigação e diálogo resultantes de questões formuladas pela própria comunidade e c) a gestão participativa do bem cultural em questão, sinalizando para as relações de proximidade dos visitantes com seu próprio passado

Analysing Charges in even dimensions

Lanczos-Lovelock theories of gravity, in its first order version, are studied on asymptotically locally anti de Sitter spaces. It is shown that thermodynamics satisfies the standard behavior and an expression for entropy is found for this formalism. Finally a short analysis of the algebra of conserved charges is displayed

VARIATION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD FROM Ochroma pyramidale IN THE LONGITUDINAL AND RADIAL SENSE OF THE SLEW

The work aimed to characterize the wood of the species Ochroma pyramidale in the longitudinal and radial direction of the tree. For the study, five six-year old trees were used. Discs were removed at different heights of the stem. The samples were obtained from each disk in different regions between the pith and bark. The preparation and the anatomical analysis of the permanent and temporary slides, chemical analyzes, and basic density measure of the stem wood were carried out according to technical standards. As a result, it was observed that the highest averages for pore diameter and fiber length were found in the region close to the bark at all heights. Regarding to the rays, it was noted that there was an interaction between the longitudinal x radial factors for most of the parameters evaluated, except for the width of the rays. For fiber lumen diameter and vessel length, the same trend line was found, the highest average observed in the region close to the pith. In the chemical analyzes, it was possible to observe that there was no significant difference in the longitudinal direction of the wood except for solubility in cold water. For basic density, there was an increase in the region closer to the pith compared to the region closer to the bark. However, in relation to the longitudinal position of the bole, the highest values were found at the base of the bole. It could be seen that the Ochroma pyramidale species has potential use for products linked to thermal and acoustic insulation, production of particleboards and pulp and paper production

Urinary cotinine in tobacco farmers in Southern Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To describe urinary cotinine levels in tobacco farmers. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2,570 tobacco farmers. All participants that reported green tobacco sickness in the week prior to the interview plus a subsample of 492 pesticide applicators were included. We collected urinary samples and information about sociodemographic, behavioral, dietary, occupational characteristics, and pesticide poisoning during their lifetime. Stratification by sex and smoking was performed and the Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametrical tests were used to analyze cotinine means. RESULTS: This study included 582 individuals. There was no difference in urinary cotinine means between green tobacco sickness symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Among non-smokers, having picked tobacco in the previous week was associated with higher cotinine means in both genders. Cotinine levels were higher on the first day of symptoms and reduced exponentially with each day in female non-smokers. Male non-smokers had higher levels on the second day and a more gradual reduction. The cotinine level rose up to 15 cigarettes/day of consumption. CONCLUSIONS: The urinary cotinine measures exposure to nicotine up to its saturation point; while green tobacco sickness, affected by tolerance, indicates nicotine poisoning. Strategies to reduce nicotine exposure in tobacco production are needed. Mechanization could be an alternative, as long as it overcame the challenge of irregular terrain and did not affect the quality of the leaf. More studies are needed to evaluate the chronic effect of nicotine exposure